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Dictionary

Address Name Description Units
0 Controller output current rating The drive’s maximum phase current rating. Amps
1 Controller input voltage rating The drive’s maximum input voltage rating. Volts
2 Switching frequency The switching frequency of the 3-phase bridge. Hertz
3 Dead time Time interval during which the MOSFETs of the same bridge leg cannot be turned on simultaneously (prevents shoot-through). ns
4 Baud rate Number of symbols per second on port 1. Baud
5 Slave ID Multi-drop slave ID. Node #
6 HW configuration vector Bitfield configuration:
15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
1 = enabled, 0 = disabled
bit 0: Active-low hardware overcurrent
bit 1: Comm 485
bit 2: Power supply control of current sensor
bit 3: Enable DPWM mode
bit 4: HW slave ID
bit 5: HW parameter select (not used)
bit 6: Light sensor
bit 7: Low-speed sensorless (high-freq injection)
bit 8: Locked parameters
bit 9: Inverted cutoff brake
bit 10: Enable 6-step mode
bit 11: Disable field-weakening safety level 2
bit 12: Spare 12
bit 13: Spare 13
bit 14: Current scaling ×8
bit 15: Spare 15
7 Current regulator Kp The current regulator’s proportional gain.
8 Current regulator Ki The current regulator’s integral gain.
9 Speed regulator Kp The speed regulator’s proportional gain.
10 Speed regulator Ki The speed regulator’s integral gain.
11 Speed regulator mode 0 = Speed / 1 = Torque / 2 = Torque mode with speed limiting.
12 Reserved_Level2_12 Reserved.
13 Reserved_Level2_13 Reserved.
14 Phase A current gain Phase A current feedback gain at the ADC. Amps/Volt
15 Voltage gain Voltage feedback gain (Vdc and Vphase) at the ADC. Volts/Volt
16 Phase C current gain Phase C current feedback gain at the ADC. Amps/Volt
17 Analog Input Gain - 0-5V inputs Analog input feedback gain at the ADC for all 0–5V inputs (Brake 1, Brake 2, Throttle). Volts/Volt
18 Analog Input Gain - Internal Voltage Rail When the “Variable Internal Rail Voltage Gain” bit on the “Level 2 HW Bits” parameter is set, this gain is used to calculate the “internal rail voltage” measurement. Volts/Volt
19 Analog Input Gain - 0-10V inputs Analog input feedback gain at the ADC for all 0–10V inputs (BMS). Volts/Volt
20 DC voltage filter shift DC voltage measurement low-pass filter shift value in bits. bits
21 Temperature filter shift Temperature measurement low-pass filter shift value in bits. bits
22 DQ axis filter shift DQ axis low-pass filter shift value in bits. bits
23 Flux filter shift Flux filter shift value in bits. bits
24 Flux hpf shift Flux high-pass filter shift value in bits. bits
25 Flux frequency filter shift Flux frequency filter shift value in bits. bits
26 Voltage feedback filter cutoff frequency Voltage feedback filter cutoff frequency. Hertz
27 Averaged over current trip threshold Averaged phase current overcurrent threshold. Amps
28 Averaged over current trip sample length Number of phase current samples the averaged current is based on. samples
29 Instantaneous over current trip threshold Instantaneous overcurrent trip threshold. Amps
30 Phase Current RMS Filter Shift Phase current RMS filter shift. counts
31 Maximum interrupt execution time Maximum allowable ISR execution time as a fraction of the base ISR time. pu
32 Command timeout threshold When non-zero, sets the maximum allowable time between valid command packets for communications dropout detection. Timer resets when the upper byte of the “Remote State Command” parameter changes. ms
33 DC voltage trip clear hysterisis % of rated system voltage below trip threshold required to clear the overvoltage fault. % of rated system voltage
34 Controller over temperature trip threshold Temperature at which controller will trigger a fault. Fault resets at this temperature minus 5°C. °C
35 Controller foldback starting temperature Controller temperature at which output current foldback begins. °C
36 Controller foldback ending temperature Controller temperature at which output current is folded back to 0 Amperes. °C
37 Controller temperature feedback V at 0°C Controller temperature sensor’s output voltage at 0°C. Volts
38 Controller temperature feedback V at 25°C Controller temperature sensor’s output voltage at 25°C. Volts
39 Controller temperature feedback V at 50°C Controller temperature sensor’s output voltage at 50°C. Volts
40 Controller temperature feedback V at 75°C Controller temperature sensor’s output voltage at 75°C. Volts
41 Controller temperature feedback V at 100°C Controller temperature sensor’s output voltage at 100°C. Volts
42 Controller temperature feedback V at 125°C Controller temperature sensor’s output voltage at 125°C. Volts
43 SMT Datecode Date code of PCBA population.
44 SMT Serial Number Serial number of control board PCBA.
45 Antitheft enable time Time since bootup to allow enabling of the anti-theft feature (0 to always allow). ms
46 reserved 46 Reserved.
47 Open circuit voltage test window Open-circuit test voltage bounds, range 0 to 0.45. V (norm)
48 High/Lowside turn on voltage test window High/Low side turn-on test voltage window. V (norm)
49 Average Command timeout threshold When non-zero and “Command timeout threshold” non-zero, configures maximum allowable average amount of time between valid command packets (for slow update rate or missed packets). ms
50 Remote comm loss current limit Maximum current (as % of rated motor current) used in Remote speed mode to decelerate to 0 speed when a communication timeout occurs. pu
51 Current Regulator bandwidth When non-zero, used with Rs and Ls to calculate Kp, Ki, and Kcc terms. radians
52 PLL bandwidth When non-zero, sets Phase Lock Loop (PLL) Kp and Ki terms (max 500). radians
53 PLL damping When non-zero, sets Phase Lock Loop (PLL) Kp and Ki terms.
54 Pll Kp PLL Kp gain calculated using PLL bandwidth and damping.
55 Pll Ki PLL Ki gain calculated using PLL bandwidth.
56 CAN baud rate CAN baud rate in kbps (valid: 1000, 500, 250, 125). kbps
57 CAN ID CAN ID.
58 Communications Configuration Vector Bitfield configuration:
15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
1 = enabled, 0 = disabled
bit 0: Extended 29-bit ID
bit 1: CAN faults
bit 2: Obsolete
bit 3: Enable sleep on sync loss
bit 4: Enable auto operational
bit 5: Autoset CANopen COBIDs for TPDOs
bit 6: Autoset CANopen COBIDs for RPDOs
bit 7: Enable CAN
bit 8: Reserved
bit 9: Reserved
bit 10: Enable Ebike
bit 11: Enable ClubCar
bit 12: Disable CAN termination resistor
bit 13: Enable Auto CAN ID adjustments
bit 14: Enable RTR
bit 15: Reserved
59 Battery resistance When configured, and “Battery management interface type” is “Voltage model,” adds a correction factor to the measured battery voltage using motor resistance and estimated battery current. State of Charge calculations will then use the corrected battery voltage.
60 Reserved_Level3_60 Phase A current feedback gain at the ADC. When zero, auto-migrated in rev 5.8.11 from old gains and hwconfig bit 14. Amps/Volt
61 Reserved_Level3_61 Phase C current feedback gain at the ADC. When zero, auto-migrated in rev 5.8.11 from old gains and hwconfig bit 14. Amps/Volt
62 Flash parameter read access code 1 When non-zero, you must enter this code at address 498 to read/write flash parameters (only updated at bootup), combined with codes 2 and 3 (parameters 1964 and 1965).
63 Hall stall fault time Time to fault when no change of state on Hall signals and running with >20% motor current. Setting to 0 disables hall stall check. ms
64 Baud rate port2 Number of symbols per second on port 2. 115200 required for BT-configured controllers. Baud
65 Slave ID port2 Multi-drop slave ID for second communication port. Node #
66 Display protocol 0 = disabled
1 = SWLCD open 9 mode
2 = SWLCD (closed)
3 = reserved
4 = KM5 (open) 9 mode
5 = KM5 (open) 5 mode
6 = Wuxing 3 mode
7 = Custom Bafang display
8 = KM5S
9 = Big Stone
10 = Custom Bafang BMS
11 = KT
12 = Omni IoT
19 = Custom KM5S
20 = Custom APT KM5S
67 Saved Firmware revision Firmware version when parameters were last saved to flash memory.
68 reserved 68 Reserved.
69 Lm Motor magnetizing inductance (default 0). μH
70 Rated system voltage System voltage rating (nominal battery voltage). Volts
71 Rated motor current Nameplate motor peak phase current rating. Amps
72 Rated motor speed Nameplate no-load rated motor RPM. RPM
73 Rated motor power (Race mode Throttle power) (Race mode Throttle power) Primary power limit when the “Throttle” controller flag bit is 1.
Motor rated electrical power = rated Vbattery × rated Ibattery.
Watts
74 Ls Motor phase-to-neutral stator inductance. μH
75 Rs Motor phase-to-neutral stator resistance.
76 Display protocol2 0 = disabled
1 = SWLCD open 9 mode
2 = SWLCD (closed)
3 = reserved
4 = KM5 (open) 9 mode
5 = KM5 (open) 5 mode
6 = Wuxing 3 mode
7 = Custom Bafang display
8 = KM5S
9 = Big Stone
10 = Custom Bafang BMS
11 = KT
12 = Omni IoT
19 = Custom KM5S
20 = Custom APT KM5S
77 Motor position sensor type 0 = Hall based
1 = Hall start + sensorless run
2 = Sensorless
3 = Sine/Cos encoder.
78 # of motor pole pairs Motor’s number of electrical pole pairs (magnets ÷ 2).
79 Hall offset Hall sensor offset angle. degrees
80 Hall sector[0] Motor sector represented by Hall sequence 000. -1 = illegal state.
81 Hall sector[1] Motor sector represented by Hall sequence 001.
82 Hall sector[2] Motor sector represented by Hall sequence 010.
83 Hall sector[3] Motor sector represented by Hall sequence 011.
84 Hall sector[4] Motor sector represented by Hall sequence 100.
85 Hall sector[5] Motor sector represented by Hall sequence 101.
86 Hall sector[6] Motor sector represented by Hall sequence 110.
87 Hall sector[7] Motor sector represented by Hall sequence 111. -1 = illegal state.
88 Hall interpolation start frequency Electrical frequency to start interpolating the halls. Must be higher than Hall interpolation stop frequency to add hysteresis. Hertz
89 Hall interpolation stop frequency Electrical frequency to stop interpolating the halls. Must be lower than Hall interpolation start frequency to add hysteresis. Hertz
90 Motor over temperature trip threshold Maximum motor temperature at which output is cut. °C
91 Motor foldback starting temperature Motor temperature at which output current foldback begins. °C
92 Motor foldback ending temperature Motor temperature at which output current is folded back to 0 Amperes. °C
93 Motor temperature feedback V at 0°C Motor temperature sensor voltage (Address 398) at 0°C. Volts
94 Motor temperature feedback V at 25°C Motor temperature sensor voltage (Address 398) at 25°C. Volts
95 Motor temperature feedback V at 50°C Motor temperature sensor voltage (Address 398) at 50°C. Volts
96 Motor temperature feedback V at 75°C Motor temperature sensor voltage (Address 398) at 75°C. Volts
97 Motor temperature feedback V at 100°C Motor temperature sensor voltage (Address 398) at 100°C. Volts
98 Motor temperature feedback V at 125°C Motor temperature sensor voltage (Address 398) at 125°C. Volts
99 Overload continuous current Current as % of nameplate rating at which the motor can run without overheating. % rated
100 Overload heating current Current as % of nameplate at which the motor will heat up to 100% over the heating time. % rated
101 Overload heating time Time at which 100% heat is accumulated while operating at the overload heating current. s
102 Overload cooling current Current as % of nameplate at which the motor will cool to 0% over the cooling time. % rated
103 Overload cooling time Time at which 100% heat is dissipated while operating at the overload cooling current. s
104 Overload foldback start I²T foldback overload starting %. %
105 Overload foldback end I²T foldback overload ending %. %
106 Sensorless open loop starting current Open loop sensorless AC current injection limit with respect to rated motor current. pu A
107 Sensorless open loop injection current ramp time Duration of time it takes to reach sensorless open loop starting current. ms
108 Sensorless closed loop enable frequency Motor electrical frequency at which the transition from open loop to closed loop sensorless control occurs.
In Hall start/sensorless run: transition frequency from Halls to sensorless while command source is not Pedal input.
Hertz
109 Sensorless open loop freq ramp time Duration of time to go from DC to the sensorless closed loop enable frequency. ms
110 Sensorless open loop DC current hold time Length of time the controller maintains DC current in the motor windings during open loop startup. ms
111 Battery upper range Battery highest range at minimum assist from motor. km
112 Reserved_112 0 = Dutch-km
1 = German-km
2 = ENGLISH-Km
3 = English-km
4 = ENGLISH-mi
113 Reserved_113 1 = lowest, 20 = highest.
114 Single push assist source 0 = brake 2
1 = brake 1
2 = cruise
3 = PFS
115 Single push assist boost timer Time in seconds for single push assist source boost. s
116 Speed mode positive acceleration ramp Slope for acceleration ramp in total rated rpm/s (1/ramp time in seconds). Valid range: 0–20. rpm/s in pu
117 Throttle aggressiveness speed threshold Motor speed in PU where throttle response aggressiveness changes.
118 Speed mode Regen ramp Slope for regen ramp in total rated regen braking/s (1/ramp time in seconds). Valid range: 0–20. rpm/s in pu
119 Hall transitions to start free wheel Number of Hall transitions to kick in free wheel.
120 Battery lower range Battery lower range at maximum assist from motor. km
121 Rated motor power (Street mode PAS power) Alternate power limit used when the “Throttle” controller flag bit = 0.
Motor rated electrical power = rated Vbattery × rated Ibattery.
Watts
122 Rated motor power (Race mode PAS power) Primary power limit used when the “Throttle” controller flag bit = 0.
Motor rated electrical power = rated Vbattery × rated Ibattery.
Watts
123 Vehicle max speed (Street mode PAS max speed) Street mode PAS max speed — vehicle speed limit for foldback in km/h in alternate speed mode. km/h
124 Vehicle max speed (Race mode PAS max speed) Race mode PAS max speed — vehicle speed limit for foldback in km/h. km/h
125 Customer Parameter version Customer parameter version.
126 Bluetooth Test Parameter Bluetooth test parameter.
127 Motor features Bitfield configuration:
15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
1 = enabled, 0 = disabled
bit 0: Swap motor phase A and C
bit 1: Fault-tolerant Hall (switch to sensorless)
bit 2: Bottom bracket motor (varying gear ratio)
bit 3: Overload I²t on battery not motor
bit 4: Single input motor temperature and speed pulses
bit 5: Enable speed from motor and sensor
bit 6: RPM foldback
bit 7: Hall position compensation
bit 8–15: Reserved
128 Hall Interpolation Transitions Number of Hall transitions to start interpolating when above the interpolation frequency.
129 Maximum field weakening current If not zero, limit for automatic field weakening as a % of rated motor current. %
130 Reserved_130 Reserved for future use.
131 Rated motor power (Street mode Throttle power) Alternate rated motor power when the “Throttle” controller flag bit = 1. Watts
132 Pedalec sensorless open loop starting current Pedalec start — open loop sensorless AC current injection limit with respect to rated current. pu A
133 Pedalec sensorless open loop freq ramp time Pedalec start — duration from DC to the sensorless closed loop enable frequency. ms
134 Pedalec sensorless closed loop enable frequency Motor electrical frequency for transition from open loop to closed loop sensorless control.
In Hall start/sensorless run: transition frequency from Hall to sensorless while command source is Pedal input.
Hertz
135 High battery SOC foldback starting capacity Battery SOC reading where regen current begins foldback to protect the battery. % SOC
136 High battery SOC foldback end capacity Battery SOC reading where regen is folded back to 0 Amperes. % SOC
137 Motor temperature source Motor temperature sensor feedback source:
0 = Brake2
1 = Brake1
2 = ABMS
3 = Throttle
138 Walk mode signal source Walk mode signal source:
0 = NA
1 = NA
2 = NA 1
3 = NA
4 = Display/Remote
139 Alternate power switch source Alternate power switch signal source:
0 = Cruise
1 = PFS
2 = Brake1
3 = Brake2
4 = Remote Digital Commands bit 6 Alt Pwr
5 = Remote Digital Commands bit 6 Alt Spd
6 = Throttle
7 = ABMS
140 Alternate speed limit switch source Alternate speed limit switch signal source:
0 = Cruise
1 = PFS
2 = Brake1
3 = Brake2
4 = Remote Digital Commands bit 6 Alt Pwr
5 = Remote Digital Commands bit 5 Alt Spd
6 = Throttle
7 = ABMS
141 Low battery foldback starting voltage Battery voltage where output foldback begins to protect the battery. % of rated system voltage
142 Low battery foldback end voltage Battery voltage where output is folded back to 0 Amperes. % of rated system voltage
143 Cold battery foldback starting temperature Battery temperature where output current begins foldback to protect the battery. °C
144 Cold battery foldback ending temperature Battery temperature where output current is folded back to 0 Amperes. °C
145 Low battery SOC foldback starting capacity Battery SOC reading where output current begins foldback to protect the battery. % SOC
146 Low battery SOC foldback end capacity Battery SOC reading where output is folded back to 0 Amperes. % SOC
147 Fast over voltage threshold Instantaneous DC overvoltage trip threshold as % of rated motor voltage.
Example: Rated motor voltage = 48 V, threshold = 120% → trip if > 57.6 V.
% of rated system voltage
148 Fast under voltage threshold Instantaneous DC undervoltage trip threshold as % of rated motor voltage.
Example: Rated motor voltage = 48 V, threshold = 50% → trip if < 24 V.
% of rated system voltage
149 Slow over voltage threshold Averaged DC overvoltage trip threshold as % of rated motor voltage.
Example: Rated = 48 V, threshold = 110% → trip if > 52.8 V.
% of rated system voltage
150 Slow under voltage threshold Averaged DC undervoltage trip threshold as % of rated motor voltage.
Example: Rated = 48 V, threshold = 75% → trip if < 36 V.
% of rated system voltage
151 Throttle deadband threshold Voltage defining throttle travel between off-throttle and active, and active to full throttle. Volts
152 Throttle fault range Voltage added/subtracted to throttle’s measured full/off voltage to determine validity. Volts
153 Reserved L1 1 Reserved for future use.
154 Maximum braking torque Maximum braking torque limit as a % of maximum motor current. % of rated motor current
155 Battery current limit Max controller-imposed battery current limit when motoring = rated motor power / rated system voltage. % of rated battery current
156 Regeneration battery current limit Max controller-imposed battery current limit when generating = rated motor power / rated system voltage. % of rated battery current
157–164 Power map Watts setpoints 1–8 Power map wattage setpoints. % of rated power
165–172 Power map speed setpoints 1–8 Power map speed setpoints. % of speed limit
173 Minimum motoring torque Torque setpoint at zero % throttle after initial throttle activation. pu A
174 Features2 Bitfield configuration:
15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
1 = enabled, 0 = disabled
bit 0: Headlight always-on enable
bit 1: HDQ replicating Hall
bit 2: Free wheel with no throttle
bit 3: Plug braking
bit 4: Throttle fault changed to warning
bit 5: Throttle enable while rolling backward
bit 6: Brake 1 pullup enable
bit 7: Brake 2 pullup enable
bit 8: Speed mode throttle filter
bit 9: Invert bit 9 of HW Config
bit 10: Requested bit
bit 11: Throttle mapping on speed for torque mode
bit 12: Throttle sensitivity
bit 13: Variable regen with speed
bit 14: Reserved
bit 15: Enable accelerometer (I²C)
175 Pedal speed map offset Speed setpoint when pedal RPM = 0. pu
176 Pedal speed map end Pedal RPM that equates to full gain. RPM
177 Engine braking torque Engine braking as % of maximum braking torque (Address 154). %
178 Pedalec torque symmetry Torque sensor symmetry for filtering:
0 = one cycle (default)
1 = half cycle
2 = quarter cycle
3 = instantaneous
179 Pedalec power gain Scales pedal torque (Nm) to throttle %:
Setpoint = 100% × T(Nm) × G(pu) / 64.
At G = 1 → 64 Nm = 100%
At G = 0.5 → 128 Nm = 100%
At G = 2 → 32 Nm = 100%
G
180 Pedalec initial torque Initial torque to compensate for lack of initial right-leg measurement. Nm
181 Pedalec deadband torque Negative saturation for average pedal torque calculation; use negative number to correct pedaling form. Nm
182 Torque sensor offset Pedal assist torque sensor offset voltage. Volts
183 Torque sensor gain Equates sensor output voltage to torque measurement. Nm/Volt
184–187 Datalog channel 1–4 select Selection number = Modbus address of parameter/variable to log.
188 Datalog trigger level Oscilloscope trigger level (signed int).
189 Datalog trigger mask Mask for bit values; use 0xFFFF to disable.
190 Datalog hold off Number of samples before trigger.
191 Datalog timebase Number of ISRs per sample.
192 Datalog trigger mode 0 = rising
1 = falling
2 = equal to
3 = not equal to
193 Wheel speed sensor source 0 = Cruise
1 = Brake2
2 = Hall A
3 = Dual Halls speed sensor
4 = Brake1
194 High battery foldback starting voltage Battery voltage where output foldback begins to protect the battery. % of rated system voltage
195 High battery foldback end voltage Battery voltage where output is folded back to 0 Amperes. % of rated system voltage
196 Low battery SOC alarm threshold Low battery SOC alarm threshold. %
197 Voltage model battery SOC gain % SOC change for 1 pu battery voltage change. %
198 Voltage model battery SOC offset % SOC offset value. %
199 Axle torque sensor 1 Torque sensor gain multiplier for assist mode 1. pu